alumina-zirconia: used for machine grinding.silicon carbide: very wide range of grades, common in wet applications, high performance grit.aluminium oxide: most common, wide variety of grades, can be used for most tasks, comes in green, yellow & other light to mid colours.emery: commonly used to abrade or polish metal. The harder the backing material is behind the sandpaper, the faster the sanding, the faster the wear of the paper and the rougher the sanded surface. Stronger paper or backing increases the ease of sanding wood, so decent quality sand paper is much better than low cost and low quality sandpaper. Sandpaper backings may be glued to the paper or form a separate support structure for moving sandpaper, such as used in sanding belts and discs. A flexible backing allows sandpaper to follow irregular rounded contours of a given workpiece relatively inflexible backing is optimal for regular rounded or plane surfaces. Letter nomenclature follows a different system for cloth backings, with the weight of the backing rated J, X, Y, T, and M, from lightest to heaviest. For paper backings, the weight ratings range from "A" to "F," with A designating the lightest and F the heaviest. The weight of the backing is usually designated by a letter. In addition to paper, available backings for sandpaper include cloth (much more flexible, used on belt sanders) and cellulose fibre (more or less rigid, used for angle grinder sanding discs). There are countless varieties of sandpaper, with variations in the paper or backing, the material used for the grit, grit size, and the bond. Its first application was for car paint refinishing.ģ20 grit silicon carbide sandpaper, with close-up view. This allowed use with water as a lubricant, to carry away particles that would otherwise clog the finest grades and badly impair performance. Glass paper was manufactured on a large scale in London by 1833. (Stalker & Parker 1688: A Treatise of Japaning and Varnishing, 1971) Cheap counterfeit sandpaper has long been passed off as true glass paper Stalker and Parker cautioned against it as far back as the 17th century. Glass frit has sharp-edged particles and cuts well, sand grains are smoothed down and did not work as well as glass. Sandpaper was originally known as glass paper, as it used particles of glass. The first recorded instance of sandpaper was in 13th century China when crushed shells, seeds, and sand were bonded to parchment using natural gum.
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